Escolca (Iscroca in Sardinian) is an Italian municipality of 543 inhabitants in the province of South Sardinia, located at the foot of the Giara di Serri. The area was inhabited already in pre-Nuragic and Nuragic times, and later in Roman times of which some burial ruins remain.
In the Middle Ages it belonged to the giudicato of Cagliari and was part of the curatoria of Siurgus. At the fall of the giudicato (1258) it came under Pisan rule and later (1323) under Aragonese rule, a fief of the Carroz, counts of Quirra. It was then annexed to the marquisate of Mandas, transformed in 1603 into a duchy, fiefdom first of the Maza and then of the Tellez-Giron, to whom it was redeemed in 1839 with the abolition of the feudal system.
Pursuant to Regional Law No. 9 of July 12, 2001, which provided for the establishment of the new Sardinian provinces, the municipality of Escolca, which was in the province of Nuoro, was supposed to be aggregated to the newly created province of Medio Campidano; by subsequent Regional Law No. 10 of Oct. 13, 2003, it was instead determined that it would pass to that of Cagliari, of which it was part until the subsequent reform in 2016.
